1 Samuel 14:3

Authorized King James Version

And Ahiah, the son of Ahitub, I-chabod's brother, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the LORD'S priest in Shiloh, wearing an ephod. And the people knew not that Jonathan was gone.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַֽאֲחִיָּ֣ה
And Ahiah
achijah, the name of nine israelites
#2
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#3
אֲחִט֡וּב
of Ahitub
achitub, the name of several priests
#4
אֲחִ֡י
brother
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
#5
אִֽיכָב֣וֹד׀
Ichabod's
ikabod, a son of phineas
#6
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#7
פִּֽינְחָ֨ס
of Phinehas
pinechas, the name of three israelites
#8
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#9
עֵלִ֜י
of Eli
eli, an israelite highpriest
#10
כֹּהֵ֧ן׀
priest
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
#11
יְהוָ֛ה
the LORD'S
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#12
בְּשִׁל֖וֹ
in Shiloh
shiloh, a place in palestine
#13
נֹשֵׂ֣א
wearing
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#14
אֵפ֑וֹד
an ephod
a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image
#15
וְהָעָם֙
And the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#16
לֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#17
יָדַ֔ע
knew
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#18
כִּ֥י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#19
הָלַ֖ךְ
was gone
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#20
יֽוֹנָתָֽן׃
not that Jonathan
jonathan, the name of ten israelites

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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